[Footnote 4: ON THE CRANIA OF THE MOST ANCIENT RACES OF MAN. By
Professor D. Schaaffhausen, of Bonn. (From Muller's 'Archiv'., 1858,
pp. 453.) With Remarks, and original Figures, taken from a Cast of
the Neanderthal Cranium. By George Busk, F.R.S., etc. 'Natural History
Review'. April, 1861.]

[Footnote 5: 'Verhandl. d. Naturhist.' Vereins der preuss. Rheinlande
und Westphalens., xiv. Bonn, 1857.]

[Footnote 6: 'Ib. Correspondenzblatt. No. 2.]

[Footnote 7: This, Mr. Busk has pointed out, is probably the notch for
the frontal nerve. The coronal and sagittal sutures are on the exterior
nearly closed, and on the inside so completely ossified as to have
left no traces whatever, whilst the lambdoidal remains quite open. The
depressions for the Pacchionian glands are deep and numerous; and there
is an unusually deep vascular groove immediately behind the coronal
suture, which, as it terminates in the foramen, no doubt transmitted
a 'vena emissaria'. The course of the frontal suture is indicated
externally by a slight ridge; and where it joins the coronal, this ridge
rises into a small protuberance. The course of the sagittal suture is
grooved, and above the angle of the occipital bone the parietals are
depressed.]

[Footnote 8: The numbers in brackets are those which I should assign to
the different measures, as taken from the plaster cast.--G. B.]

[Footnote 9: 'Verh. des Naturhist'. Vereins in Bonn, xiv. 1857. I am
indebted to H. v. Meyer for the following remarks on this subject:--]

[Footnote 10: Estimating the facial angle in the way suggested, on the
cast I should place it at 64 degrees to 67 degrees.--G. B.]

[Footnote 11: See an excellent Essay by Mr. Church on the Myology of the
Orang, in the 'Natural History Review', for 1861.]

[Footnote 12: In no normal human skull does the breadth of the
brain-case exceed its length.]

[Footnote 13: See Dr. D. Wilson's valuable paper "On the supposed
prevalence of one Cranial Type throughout the American aborigines."--
'Canadian Journal', vol. ii., 1857.]

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