institutions, habits, and in military
sentiments.--Character of the regime instituted on the 18th
of Brumaire, year VIII.

If the Jacobin Republic dies, it is not merely on account of decay,
nor because of its murders, but, and above all, because it is not
born viable: at the outset it harbored within itself a principle of
dissolution an innate mortal poison, not alone for others but for
itself.--That which maintains a political society is the mutual respect
of its members, especially the respect of the governed for its rulers
and of the rulers for the governed, and, therefore, habits of mutual
trust and confidence. On the part of the governed, a well-grounded
certainty that the rulers will not attack private rights, and, on the
part of the rulers, a well-founded certainty that the governed will not
attack public powers; both inwardly recognizing that these rights, more
or less broad or restricted, are inviolable; that these powers, more
or less ample or limited, are legitimate. Finally, each being convinced
that, in case of conflict, the trial will be conducted according to
forms which law or custom provide; that pending the discussion, the
strongest will not abuse his strength, and that, when the discussion is
over, the successful party will not wholly sacrifice the loser. Only on
this condition can there be harmony between governors and the governed,
participation of all in the common work, internal tranquility, and,
accordingly, stability, security, well-being and force. Without this
deep and persistent disposition of minds and hearts, the bond of union
among men is absent. It constitutes the brightest of social sentiments;
it may be said that this is the soul of which the State is the
body.--Now, in the Jacobin State, this soul has perished; it has not
died out through unforeseen accidents, but through a forced result of
the system, through a practical effect of the speculative theory, which,
converting each man into an absolute sovereign, sets every man warring
against other men, and which, under the pretence of regenerating
the human species, lets loose, authorizes and consecrates the worst
instincts of human nature, all the lusts of license, tyranny and
domination.--In the name of a non-existent ideal people whom it declares
sovereign, the Jacobins have violently usurped all public powers,
brutally abolished all private rights, regarding the actual living
people as a beast of burden, and yet worse, as