important
exception, the cathedral of Cologne, which was based on that of Amiens,
the comparative height of the former, however, being so exaggerated that
scale has been lost, and externally it has the appearance of an
overgrown monster.

Under the headings VAULT, FLYING BUTTRESS, PINNACLE, CLERESTORY and
TRIFORIUM, definitions are given of these chief components of a
cathedral or church; but as their design varies materially in almost
every example, without a very large number of drawings it would be
impossible to treat them more in detail. The perspective view, taken
from Viollet le Duc's dictionary, of the interior of the nave of
Amiens cathedral illustrates the principal features, viz. the vault
(in this case quadripartite, with flying buttresses and pinnacle), the
triforium (in this case limited to a narrow passage in the thickness
of the wall), and the nave-arches, with the side aisles, beneath the
windows of which is the decorative arcade. (R. P. S.)

CATHELINEAU, JACQUES (1759-1793), French Vendean chieftain during the
Revolution, was born at Tin-en-Manges, in the country now forming the
department of Maine-et-Loire. He became well known in the country of
Anjou, over which he travelled as a pedlar and dealer in contraband
goods. His physical strength and his great piety gave him considerable
ascendancy over the peasants, who surnamed him "the saint of Anjou." In
the first years of the Revolution, Cathelineau listened to the
exhortations of Catholic priests and royalist _emigres_, and joined the
insurrection provoked by them against the revolutionary government.
Collecting a band of peasants and smugglers, he took the chateau of
Gallais, where he captured a cannon, christened by the Vendeans the
"Missionary"; he then took the towns of Chemille, Cholet, Vihiers and
Chalonnes (March 1793). His companions committed atrocities which
brought upon them terrible reprisals on the part of the Republicans.
Meanwhile Cathelineau's troops increased, and he combined with the other
Vendean chiefs, such as N. Stofflet and Gigot d'Elbee, taking the towns
of Beaupreau, Fontenay and Saumur. The first successes of the Vendeans
were due to the fact that the Republicans had not expected an
insurrection. When the resistance to the insurgents became more serious,
differences arose among their leaders. To avoid these rivalries, it is
thought that Cathelineau was named generalissimo of the rebels, though
hi