the dark colour of the blood and the continuous
character of the stream. It may be arrested by pressure with gauze
pads or by packing a strand of catgut into the sinus (Lister), or, if
this fails, by grasping the sinus with forceps and leaving these in
position for twenty-four or forty-eight hours. A small puncture in the
outer wall of the sinus may be closed with sutures. Signs of
increasing compression call for trephining and opening of the dura if
this is necessary to admit of the clot being removed.

#Intra-cranial Haemorrhage in the Newly-Born.#--An extravasation of
blood into the arachno-pial space frequently occurs during birth. The
observations of Cushing seem to show that this is usually due to
tearing of the delicate cerebral veins which pass from the cortex to
the superior sagittal sinus, from the strain put upon them by the
overlapping of the parietal bones, in the moulding of the head. It may
sometimes be due to an excessive degree of asphyxia during birth. The
extravasation is usually most marked over the central area of the
cortex near the middle line, and it is often bilateral.

This condition is most frequently met with in a first-born child--and
more often in boys than in girls--the labour having been prolonged and
difficult, and the presentation abnormal. There is usually a history
that the infant was deeply cyanosed when born, and that there was
difficulty in getting it to breathe. As a rule, there is no external
evidence of trauma. The anterior fontanelle is tense and does not
pulsate, the pulse is slow, and for several days the child appears to
have difficulty in sucking and swallowing, and is abnormally still. In
the course of a few days definite symptoms of localised pressure
appear. It is noticed that one leg or arm, or one side of the body is
not moved, or both sides may be affected; when the paralysis is
bilateral, the absence of movement is more liable to be overlooked.
The infant may suffer from convulsions; there may be paralysis of
certain of the ocular muscles, and inequality of the pupils; sometimes
there is blindness. Persistent rigidity of the limbs, with turning of
the thumbs towards the palm, is present in some cases. Lumbar puncture
may reveal the presence of blood corpuscles in the cerebro-spinal
fluid, and increase in the tension of the fluid.

If untreated, the condition is usually followed by the development of
spastic paralysis of one or more limbs, on one or on both sides o