l
correction and education, prevent a general breaking-up of Indian
communities, and the formation of Indian gypsy-camps all over the
frontier States and Territories, to be sores upon the public body, and
an intolerable affliction to the future society of those communities.

* * * * *

_Fifth._ A rigid reformatory control should be exercised by the
government over the lives and manners of the Indians of the several
tribes, particularly in the direction of requiring them to learn and
practise the arts of industry, at least until one generation shall have
been fairly started on a course of self-improvement. Merely to disarm
the savages, and to surround them by forces which it is impossible for
them to resist, leaving it to their own choice how miserably they will
live, and how much they shall be allowed to escape work, is to render it
highly probable that the great majority of the now roving Indians will
fall hopelessly into a condition of pauperism and petty crime.

"Unused to manual labor, and physically disqualified for it by
the habits of the chase, unprovided with tools and implements,
without forethought and without self-control, singularly
susceptible to evil influences, with strong animal appetites,
and no intellectual tastes or aspirations to hold those
appetites in check, it would be to assume more than would be
taken for granted of any white race under the same conditions,
to expect that the wild Indians will become industrious and
frugal except through a severe course of industrial
instruction and exercise under restraint."--_Report on Indian
Affairs_, 1872, p. 11.

* * * * *

The right of the government to exact, in this particular, all that the
good of the Indian and the good of the general community may require is
not to be questioned. The same supreme law of the public safety which
to-day governs the condition of eighty thousand paupers and forty
thousand criminals, within the States of the Union, affords ample
authority and justification for the most extreme and decided measures
which may be adjudged necessary to save this race from itself, and the
country from the intolerable burden of pauperism and crime which the
race, if left to itself, will certainly inflict upon a score of future
States.

* * * * *

_Sixth._ The provision made by the government