iducts, and uterus of the female; it was not until her death, at the
age of fifty-six, that her sex was fully determined. The case reported
by Sippel in 1880, supposed to be a male from external evidences, was at
death found to be a female. Guttmann reported a like case in 1882. The
celebrated case of Michel-Ann Dronart is remarkable; this case was
declared a male by Morand Pere and a female by Burghart, as well as by
Ferrein; declared asexual or neutral by the Danish surgeon, Kruger; of
doubtful sex by Mertrud. The case of Marie-Madeleine Lefort, to which
Debierre devotes four figures, is full of interest. One of the figures
is her portrait at the age of sixteen, and another is from her
photograph at the age of sixty-five. She has a man's head in every
particular of physiognomy and expression, having in the latter figure a
full beard and the peculiar intellectual development of a male sage; she
has the hairy breast of the man, with the mammary development of the
female, and an abnormally-enlarged clitoris, which was often mistaken
for the male organ. The vagina at its lower end was narrow, and the
urethral aperture opened into it some distance from its outer opening;
otherwise she was sexually a perfect woman, and menstruated regularly.
Debierre quotes the case which Duval gives in his work on
hermaphrodites, wherein a man asked for a dissolution of marriage,
claiming that his wife had a male organ, which, although she was a woman
in every other sense, prevented by its interference the consummation of
the marriage act. The court had the case examined, when it was found
that the erection of the clitoris, which was large, was enough to
interfere as the husband had stated. It decreed that the young woman
should have the objectionable and interfering member amputated, and on
the refusal to have this done the marriage should be dissolved. She
refused, and the divorce was consequently granted to the man.

From the history of Marie Lefort, it can well be conceived how the
popular mind, in ignorant times, could easily be imposed upon. Montaigne
relates the history of a Hungarian soldier who was confined of a
well-developed infant while in camp, and of a monk brought to a
successful accouchement in the cell of a convent; while Duval reports
the case of a priest in Paris who was found to be pregnant with child,
who was in consequence imprisoned in the prison of the ecclesiastical
court. These cases were strongly females in every