se of a duplication of
vagina and uterus in a girl of nineteen, the appearance of the parts and
the septum between the vaginae giving to the whole an appearance
precisely similar to that of a double-barreled shot-gun. These
monstrosities are as likely to happen as the different forms that
affect--either by arrested development or some abnormality of excessive
development--the head, which is a very prolific subject of anomalies.

Hermaphrodism is a common attribute in the vegetable kingdom, where
fixed habitation or position makes such a condition necessary; it is
also common to many of our lower forms of animal life, and even in the
human foetus the presence of the Wolfian bodies and the canal of Mueller
in the same individual attest a primitive case or condition of
hermaphrodism. In other words, humanity begins its existence in a state
of hermaphrodism. This condition is found up to the end of the second
month of foetal life in the human being, in common with all mammals, as
well as all the vertebrates, where, however, it is subject to variations
as to time of development and limit of existence in the normal
condition. In the chick, it is only after the fourth day that the
genital gland begins to determine whether it will turn into an ovary or
a testicle; in the rabbit it is on the fifteenth day, and in the human
embryo on the thirtieth day. Hermaphrodism does not occur, however, from
this at first uncertain state of affairs, but rather from subsequent
developments of the external organs that by their abnormality of
formation simulate one or the other sex, while the internal organs may
belong without any equivocation of structure to its definite sex; as it
has often happened that some of these cases, having been the subject of
differences of opinion among experts during life, were, after death,
unanimously assigned to one sex by all of the same experts, the organs
readily defining the sex being completely of the one sex. As observed by
Debierre, where the subject is really a female, even where the vagina or
uterus is unperceived, the presence of the menstrual function or some
physical disturbance at its stated periods are sufficient evidences, as
a rule, by which to determine the sex. The case of Marzo Joseph, or
Josephine, reported by Crecchio in 1865, had rudiments of an hypospadic
penis ten centimetres in length and a prostate of the male sex, with a
vagina 6 centimetres in length and 4 in circumference, ovaries,
ov