President, 181;
blunders, 181;
defeat, 182, 283.

Secession, final remedy, 6;
Calhoun and, 145;
over Texas question, 167;
over California, 176;
of South, contemplated, 198;
threatened in 1856, 246;
of Wisconsin threatened, 252;
much talked of, 253;
historical background, 268, 270.

Sectionalism, in South Carolina, 5;
in North Carolina, 8;
in Virginia, 10, 145;
checked, 171, 205, 231;
renewed, 235;
strong, 265.

Seminole War, 2;
and Jackson, 64.

Seward, William H., anti-slavery Whig, 164;
for Wilmot Proviso, 171;
adviser to Taylor, 175, 179, 180, 184, 214;
attacks Douglas, 240, 242, 243;
and Kansas, 245;
for popular sovereignty, 251, 255, 257;
Chicago Convention, 261, 262;
defeated, 263;
conciliatory, 269, 271;
for peace, 273;
and arbitrary arrests, 304;
opposes emancipation, 304, 315;
meets Confederate commissioners, 324.

Seymour, Horatio, Democratic leader, 321.

Sheridan, General Philip, wins at Winchester, 322;
lays waste Shenandoah Valley, 322, 326.

Sherman, General W. T., 303;
in Georgia, 318;
forces Johnston back, 319;
defeats Hood and captures Atlanta, 319;
march to sea, 322, 323;
captures Savannah, 324, 325;
Johnston surrenders to, 327.

Shiloh, battle of, 293.

Ship subsidies, 205, 232, 235.

Shipping, manufacturing gaining in East, 41, 47;
merchants appeal to Hayne, 48;
increase, 1850-60, 205.

Simms, William Gilmore, 225.

Slave-owners, 138;
number, 139.

Slave trade, negotiations with England, 123;
Creole affair, 124;
agitation for reopening, 198;
active, 252;
forbidden by Confederacy, 271.

Slavery, in South Carolina, 4;
in North Carolina, 9;
in Virginia, 10, 13, 30, 118;
value of slaves, 42;
product, 42;
in Democratic platform, 110;
Dew on, 118;
"a blessing," 118, 119;
and Northern business, 119, 134;
plantation life, 136, 210;
profitable unit, 137;
in Southwest, 140;
and the churches, 144;
early Southern opposition, 161;
abolition and, 163;
in Territories, 174;
and California, 175;
Dred Scott decision, 248;
Lincoln-Douglas debates, 256;
Freeport doctrine, 256;
popular sovereignty, 236, 255, 256;
and Republicans, 262;
guaranteed by Confederacy, 271.

Slaves, conditions of life, 210;
faithful during war, 277;
emancipation to be proclaimed, 302;
Davis offers emancipation of, in effort to secure European recognition