to
ruin in certain others. At Civitavecchia he built many beautiful and
magnificent edifices. At Civita Castellana he rebuilt more than a third
part of the walls in a good form. At Narni he rebuilt the fortress,
enlarging it with good and beautiful walls. At Orvieto he made a great
fortress with a most beautiful palace--a work of great cost and no less
magnificence. At Spoleto, likewise, he enlarged and strengthened the
fortress, making within it dwellings so beautiful, so commodious, and so
well conceived, that nothing better could be seen. He restored the baths
of Viterbo at great expense and in a truly royal spirit, making certain
dwellings there that would have been worthy not merely of the invalids
who went to bathe there every day, but of the greatest of Princes. All
these works were executed by the said Pontiff without the city of Rome,
from the designs of Bernardo.

In Rome he restored, and in many places renewed, the walls of the city,
which were for the greater part in ruins; adding to them certain towers,
and enclosing within these some new fortifications that he built without
the Castle of S. Angelo, with many apartments and decorations that he
made within. The said Pontiff also had a project in his mind, of which
he brought the greater part nearly to completion, of restoring or
rebuilding, according as it might be necessary, the forty Churches of
the Stations formerly instituted by the Saint, Pope Gregory I, who
received the surname of Great. Thus he restored S. Maria Trastevere, S.
Prassedia, S. Teodoro, S. Pietro in Vincula, and many other minor
churches. But it was with much greater zeal, adornment, and diligence
that he did this for six of the seven greater and principal
churches--namely, S. Giovanni Laterano, S. Maria Maggiore, S. Stefano in
Celio Monte, S. Apostolo, S. Paolo, and S. Lorenzo extra muros. I say
nothing of S. Pietro, for of this he made an undertaking by itself.

The same Pope was minded to make the whole of the Vatican into a
separate city, in the form of a fortress; and for this he was designing
three roads that should lead to S. Pietro, situated, I believe, where
the Borgo Vecchio and the Borgo Nuovo now are; and on both sides of
these roads he meant to build loggie, with very commodious shops,
keeping the nobler and richer trades separate from the humbler, and
grouping each in a street by itself. He had already built the Great
Round Tower, which is still called the Torrione di Nicco