eard with indignation that any semblance of
sovereignty was still left to an enemy whose weakness had been made so
manifest. But Buonaparte had now learned to act for himself. He knew
that any formal dethronement of the Pope would invest his cause with
tenfold strength wherever the Romish religion prevailed; that a new
spirit of aversion would arise against France; and that Naples would
infallibly profit by the first disturbances in the north of Italy, to
declare war, and march her large army from the south. He believed
also--and he ere long knew--that even yet Austria would make other
efforts to recover Lombardy; and was satisfied, on the whole, that he
should best secure his ultimate purposes by suffering the Vatican to
prolong, for some time further, the shadow of that sovereignty which had
in former ages trampled on kings and emperors.

[Footnote 11: Buonaparte, to replace all his losses in the two last
campaigns, had received only 7000 recruits.]

[Footnote 12: He found among them a wealthy old canon of his own name,
who was proud to hail the Corsican as a true descendant of the Tuscan
Buonapartes; who entertained him and his whole staff with much
splendour; amused the general with his anxiety that some interest should
be applied to the Pope, in order to procure the canonisation of a
certain long defunct worthy of the common lineage, by name Buonventara
Buonaparte; and dying shortly afterwards, bequeathed his whole fortune
to his new-found kinsman.]

[Footnote 13: Hence, in the sequel, Massena's title, "Duke of Rivoli."]

[Footnote 14: Such was the prevailing terror, that one body of 6000
under Rene surrendered to a French officer who had hardly 500 men with
him.]

[Footnote 15: The priests had an image of the Virgin Mary at this place,
which they exhibited to the people in the act of shedding tears, the
more to stimulate them against the impious Republicans. On entering the
place, the French were amused with discovering the machinery by which
this trick had been performed; the Madonna's tears were a string of
glass beads, flowing by clockwork within a shrine which the worshippers
were too respectful to approach very nearly. Little ormolu fountains,
which stream on the same principle, are now common ornaments for the
chimney-piece in Paris.]

[Footnote 16: The _Santa Casa_, or _holy house_ of Loretto, is a little
brick building, round which a magnificent church has been reared, and
which the Romish calendar