bowed at the name
of Jesus. [473]

Through many years the autumn of 1685 was remembered by the
Nonconformists as a time of misery and terror. Yet in that autumn might
be discerned the first faint indications of a great turn of fortune;
and before eighteen months had elapsed, the intolerant King and the
intolerant Church were eagerly bidding against each other for the
support of the party which both had so deeply injured.

END OF VOL. I.

*****

[Footnote 1: In this, and in the next chapter, I have very seldom
thought it necessary to cite authorities: for, in these chapters, I have
not detailed events minutely, or used recondite materials; and the facts
which I mention are for the most part such that a person tolerably well
read in English history, if not already apprised of them, will at least
know where to look for evidence of them. In the subsequent chapters I
shall carefully indicate the sources of my information.]

[Footnote 2: This is excellently put by Mr. Hallam in the first chapter
of his Constitutional History.]

[Footnote 3: See a very curious paper which Strype believed to be in
Gardiner's handwriting. Ecclesiastical Memorials, Book 1., Chap. xvii.]

[Footnote 4: These are Cranmer's own words. See the Appendix to Burnet's
History of the Reformation, Part 1. Book III. No. 21. Question 9.]

[Footnote 5: The Puritan historian, Neal, after censuring the cruelty
with which she treated the sect to which he belonged, concludes thus:
"However, notwithstanding all these blemishes, Queen Elizabeth stands
upon record as a wise and politic princess, for delivering her kingdom
from the difficulties in which it was involved at her accession, for
preserving the Protestant reformation against the potent attempts of the
Pope, the Emperor, and King of Spain abroad, and the Queen of Scots and
her Popish subjects at home.... She was the glory of the age in which
she lived, and will be the admiration of posterity."--History of the
Puritans, Part I. Chap. viii.]

[Footnote 6: On this subject, Bishop Cooper's language is remarkably
clear and strong. He maintains, in his Answer to Martin Marprelate,
printed in 1589, "that no form of church government is divinely
ordained; that Protestant communities, in establishing different forms,
have only made a legitimate use of their Christian liberty; and
that episcopacy is peculiarly suited to England, because the English
constitution is monarchical." All those Churches," says