1 cm. wide
=Hedge Nettle, Stachys palustris.=

51b. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 1 cm. wide or less
=Hedge Nettle, Stachys arenicola.=

VERBENACEAE, the Verbena Family

Herbs, with simple opposite leaves and slightly irregular flowers in
spikes or heads; petals 5, united and bearing the 4 stamens in the
corolla-tube; ovary 1, 2-celled or 4-celled, with 1 style.

1a. Plants prostrate or spreading --2.

1b. Plants erect (flowers in summer) (Vervain) --3.

2a. Leaves serrate; flowers in short dense spikes (flowers
pale-blue, summer) =Fog Fruit, Lippia lanceolata.=

2b. Leaves pinnatifid; flowers in loose bracted spikes (flowers
light-purple, summer) =Vervain, Verbena bracteosa.=

3a. Spikes dense, continuous (flowers purple or blue, varying to white)
--4.

3b. Spikes slender, interrupted, the flowers scattered (corolla white or
pale-blue) --6.

4a. Leaves lanceolate, manifestly petioled (1-2 m. high)
=Vervain, Verbena hastata.=

4b. Leaves sessile, not lanceolate (5-8 dm. high) --5.

5a. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, tapering at the entire base
=Vervain, Verbena angustifolia.=

5b. Leaves oblong to obovate, not tapering at the base
=Vervain, Verbena stricta.=

6a. Leaves incised, tapering to a sessile base (5-10 dm. high)
=Vervain, Verbena, officinalis.=

6b. Leaves serrate, petioled (1-2 m. high)
=Vervain, Verbena urticaefolia.=

SOLANACEAE, the Nightshade Family

Herbs or shrubs, with alternate leaves and regular or slightly irregular
flowers; sepals 5, united; corolla of 5 united petals, bearing the 5
stamens attached; ovary 1, 2-5 (usually 2)-celled, with a slender style.

1a. Corolla rotate; anthers close together (flowers in summer) --2.

1b. Corolla not rotate; anthers separate --5.

2a. Stem and leaves prickly (3-8 dm. high) --3.

2b. Stem and leaves not prickly --4.

3a. Flowers white or bluish =Horse Nettle, Solanum carolinense.=

3b. Flowers yellow =Buffalo Bur, Solanum rostratum.=

4a. Climbing vine; leaves frequently lobed (flowers blue)