led or shallowy 5-lobed (flowers white, summer)
=Bur Cucumber, Sicyos angulatus.=

1b. Leaves 5-lobed to about the middle (commonly cultivated and
frequently wild; flowers white, summer)
=Wild Cucumber, Echinocystis lobata.=

CAMPANULACEAE, the Bellflower Family

Herbs with alternate simple leaves and milky juice; sepals 5; petals 5,
united; stamens 5, attached at the very base of the corolla; ovary
inferior.

1a. Stem-leaves circular or nearly so, cordate-clasping at base (2-6 dm.
high; flowers blue, axillary, in summer)
=Venus' Looking-Glass, Specularia perfoliata.=

1b. Stem-leaves linear or nearly so, not over 1 cm. wide (summer) --2.

1c. Stem-leaves ovate to lanceolate, 2 cm. wide or more (flowers blue,
in a terminal spike or raceme, summer) (Bellflower) --4.

2a. Stem and leaves glabrous (or rarely pubescent) (1-6 dm. high;
flowers blue) =Harebell, Campanula rotundifolia.=

2b. Stem and leaves rough with reflexed bristles (marsh plants,
with weak slender stems 3-10 dm. long; flowers white or
pale-blue) (Marsh Bellflower) --3.

3a. Corolla 5-8 mm. long =Marsh Bellflower, Campanula aparinoides.=

3b. Corolla 10-12 mm. long =Marsh Bellflower, Campanula uliginosa.=

4a. Corolla rotate; flowers in spikes (6-15 dm. high)
=Bellflower, Campanula americana.=

4b. Corolla bell-shape; flowers in one-sided racemes (4-10 dm.
high) =Bellflower, Campanula rapunculoides.=

LOBELIACEAE, the Lobelia Family

Herbs with alternate simple leaves and milky juice; flowers irregular;
petals 5, united; corolla split down the upper side; stamens 5, united
by their anthers into a ring or tube surrounding the style; ovary
2-celled, inferior. Flowers in summer and autumn.

1a. Leaves all basal, tubular; flowers on leafless stalks (aquatic, 1-4
dm. high; flowers blue) =Water Lobelia, Lobelia dortmanna.=

1b. Leaves normal, on the stem --2.

2a. Flowers more than 2 cm. long (5-10 dm. high) --3.

2b. Flowers about 1 cm. long, or shorter (flowers light blue) --4.

3a. Flowers scarlet =Cardinal Flower, Lobelia cardinalis.=

3b. Flowers blue =Great Lobelia, Lobelia siphilitica.=

4a. Flowers in loose racemes