f
touch. That which is called the Intelligence undergoes
modifications.[606] When the Intelligence desires anything it comes to be
called Mind. The foundations upon which the Intelligence rests are five
in number, each serving a different purpose. They are called the senses.
The invisible principle, viz., Intelligence rests on them. The
Intelligence that exists in a living creature concerns itself with the
three states (called Passion, Darkness, and Goodness). Sometimes it
obtains joy and sometimes misery. Sometimes it becomes divested of both
joy and misery. Even thus the Intelligence exists in the minds of all
men. Sometimes the Intelligence which is made up of the triple states
(already mentioned), transcends those three states (by yoga), like the
lord of rivers, viz., the Ocean, with his surges, transgressing his high
continents.[607] That Intelligence which transcends the three qualities
exists in the mind in a pure state of (unmodified) existence alone. The
quality of Darkness, however, that impels to action, soon pursues it. At
that time, the Intelligence sets all the senses to action. The properties
of the three are even thus: joy dwells in Goodness; sorrow in Passion;
delusion in Darkness. All the states that exist (of the mind) are
included in the three (that have been named). I have now, O Bharata, told
thee about the course of the Understanding. An intelligent man should
subdue all his senses. The three qualities of Goodness, Passion, and
Darkness, are always attached to living creatures. Three kinds of
intelligence also are noticeable in every creature, viz., that which
depends upon Goodness, that upon Passion, and that upon Darkness, O
Bharata. The quality of Goodness brings happiness; the quality of Passion
produces sorrow; and if these two combine with the quality of Darkness,
then neither happiness nor sorrow is produced (but, instead, only
delusion or error). Every state of happiness that appears in the body or
the mind is said to be due to the quality of Goodness. A state of sorrow,
disagreeable to oneself, that comes, is due to nothing but the quality
of Passion. One should never think of it with fear.[608] That state,
again, which is allied with delusion and error, and in consequence of
which one knows not what to do, which is unascertainable and unknown,
should be regarded as belonging to the quality of Darkness.[609]
Gladness, satisfaction, delight, happiness, tranquillity of heart, these
are the p