6, 335;
immigrants, 264;
Middle West, 153;
Mississippi Valley, 203;
pioneer, and the State university, 269;
readjustment, 321, 328;
Western, 209, 214, 267;
Western democracy and, 261

Illinois, composite nationality, 232;
elements of settlement, 225;
settlement, 135

Illiteracy in Middle West, 353

Immigrants, 277;
idealism, 264

Immigration, 146, 215, 316

Indian guides, 17

Indian policy, 10

Indian question, early, 9

Indian reservations, 278

Indian trade, 6, 13, 14;
Middle West, 143, 144

Indian wars, 9;
New England and, 69;
Ohio Valley and, 167

Indiana, character, 232;
constitution, 282;
elements in settlement, 223-224;
settlement, 134

Indianapolis, 162, 229

Indians, buffer state for England, 131, 134;
congresses to treat with, 15;
effects of trades on, 13;
hunting Indians with dogs, 45;
influence on Puritans and New England, 44;
Middle West and, 133, 134;
society, 13

Individualism, 30, 32, 37, 78, 125, 140, 203, 254, 259, 271, 273, 302,
306;
in the Old West, 107;
reaction against, 307;
Upland South, 165

Industrial conditions, 280, 281, 285;
Middle West, 149, 154;
Mississippi Valley, 194, 201;
Ohio Valley and, 175

Industry, captains of, and large undertakings, 258, 259, 260;
control, 318

Inland waterways, 202

Insurgent movement, 327

Intellectual life and the frontier, 37

Intercolonial congresses, 15

Interior and coast, antagonisms, 110

Internal commerce, 171, 188

Internal improvements, 27, 28, 29, 111, 170, 172, 216, 257;
after 1812 to break down barrier to West, 195;
Old West, 109

Internal trade, Old West, 108, 109

Iowa, 141, 143;
elements and growth, 229;
settlement, 137

Ipswich, 56

Irish, 350

Iron mines in Middle West, 152

Iron ore, 313

Iroquois Indians, 13, 80

Irrigation, 258, 279

Isms, 239

Izard, Ralph, 274

Jackson, Andrew, 105, 168, 173, 189, 206, 213, 216, 241, 252, 253, 268,
326;
personification of frontier traits, 252, 254

Jackson, Stonewall, 105

Jacksonian democracy, 192, 302, 342-343

James River, 84, 90;
settlement, 93

Jefferson, Thomas, 93, 105, 114, 268;
conception of democracy, 250, 251;
on England and the Mississippi, 186;
on the pioneer in Congress, 253;
on the importance of the Mississippi Valley, 188

"Jim River" Valley, 145

Johnson, R. M., 192

Johnson, Sir William, 81, 104

Justice, direct for