in the world's thought as to-day, nor is there any
apparent likelihood that the position of this empire will be less
conspicuous at the opening of the twentieth century. Whatever helps to a
better understanding of the Chinese people, is an aid to a comprehension
of the Chinese problem. To that end this volume is intended as a humble
contribution.

Acknowledgment.

The author desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to the Rev. Harlan P.
Beach for his invaluable criticisms and the kindly services rendered in
the proof-reading and piloting of this new voyager through the press.

For the use of original photographs from which engravings have been made,
and are here published for the first time, the author and the publishers
desire to acknowledge their obligations to Mr. Robert E. Speer, Mr.
William Henry Grant, Albert Peck, M.D., Rev. W. C. Longden, and Miss J. G.
Evans.

Contents

PART I.--THE VILLAGE, ITS INSTITUTIONS, USAGES, AND PUBLIC CHARACTERS

CHAPTER PAGE

GLOSSARY 11

I. THE CHINESE VILLAGE 15

II. CONSTRUCTION OF VILLAGES 20

III. VILLAGE NOMENCLATURE 30

IV. COUNTRY ROADS 35

V. THE VILLAGE FERRY 39

VI. VILLAGE WELLS 44

VII. THE VILLAGE SHOP 49

VIII. THE VILLAGE THEATRE 54

IX. VILLAGE SCHOOLS AND TRAVELLING SCHOLARS 70

X. CHINESE HIGHER EDUCATION--THE VILLAGE HIGH SCHOOL--
EXAMINATIONS--RECENT EDUCATIONAL EDICTS 111

XI. VILLAGE TEMPLES AND RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES 136

XII. COA-PERATION IN RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES 141

XIII. COA-PERATION IN MARKETS AND FAIRS 146

XIV. COA-PERATIVE LOAN SOCIETIES 152

XV. SOCIETIES FOR WATCHING THE CROPS 161

XVI. VILLAGE AND CITY RAIN-MAKING 169

XVII. THE VILLAGE HUNT