ce, England and Belgium, and wrote voluminous reports on
the instructional and manoeuvre camps of these countries at Chalons,
Aldershot and Beverloo. In 1859 he was attached to the headquarters of
the king of Sardinia during the campaign of Magenta and Solferino, and
immediately upon his return to Russia he was sent to the Nicholas
Academy as professor of tactics. Dragomirov played a leading part in the
reorganization of the educational system of the army, and acted also as
instructor to several princes of the imperial family. This post he held
until 1863, when, as a lieutenant-colonel, he took part in the
suppression of the Polish insurrection of 1863-64, returning to St
Petersburg in the latter year as colonel and chief of staff to one of
the Guard divisions. During the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Dragomirov
was attached to the headquarters of the II. Prussian army. He was
present at the battles on the upper Elbe and at Koniggratz, and his
comments on the operations which he witnessed are of the greatest value
to the student of tactics and of the war of 1866.

In 1868 he was made a major-general, and in the following year became
chief of the staff in the Kiev military circumscription. In 1873 he was
appointed to command the 14th division, and in this command he
distinguished himself very greatly in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78.
The 14th division led the way at the crossing of the Danube at Zimnitza,
Dragomirov being in charge of the delicate and difficult operation of
crossing and landing under fire, and fulfilling his mission with
complete success. Later, after the reverses before Plevna, he, with the
cesarevich and Generals Todleben and Milutine, strenuously opposed the
suggestion of the Grand-duke Nicholas that the Russian army should
retreat into Rumania, and the demoralization of the greater part of the
army was not permitted to spread to Dragomirov's division, which
retained its discipline unimpaired and gave a splendid example to the
rest.

He was wounded at the Shipka Pass, and, though promoted
lieutenant-general soon after this, was not able to see further active
service. He was also made adjutant-general to the tsar and chief of the
53rd Volhynia regiment of his old division. For eleven years thereafter
General Dragomirov was chief of the Nicholas Academy, and it was during
this period that he collated and introduced into the Russian army all
the best military literature of Europe, and in many other wa