act from the earth sufficient fruitage
to have the South hold her own commercially.

"The wealth of the South, because of a deep seated conviction
as to the absolute need of a foil for the white race in warmer
climes, because of the hardiness of the Negro's frame, his
docility, his habit of cheerfulness when at work, his largely
uncomplaining nature, his conception that labor conditions are
fixed, his individualism leading to ineptness in
combining--these qualities the wealth of the South regards as
ideal for the services of capital, and Negro labor is much
preferred to that of chronically discontented, aspiring and
combining whites.

"The capitalist influence would have the Negro treated
humanely, would give him industrial, moral and religious
training, and would have him enjoy the protection of the law
that he might continue in the South, working in contentment and
with efficiency in the lower forms of labor.

"But this element desires that the Negro play the part of the
foil and accept this as mainly his mission in America. It has
scant sympathy with the college professor and the political
agitator that would set the race to dreaming very largely of
higher things. The element, therefore, that is most desirous of
retaining the Negro population and seeks to make the race
satisfied with its present habitat is for the very reason
leading to that course, thoroughly opposed to making a
speciality of developing _all_ there is in the Negro, so that
the development that this element stands for is assuredly one
sided.

"Opposed to the element that is half friendly to the Negro
because of his superior qualities as a foil and commercial
asset, are the white industrial rivals of the Negro, whose
animosity is whetted by their conscious inferiority in matters
physical to this son of the tropics, who is more nearly at home
under southern sky than are the children of the colder regions.

"The industrial rivals of the Negro, led on by those who would
exploit race prejudices for their profit and those who feel
that grave danger lurks in a mixed civilization, keep the baser
passions of the people so inflamed that such horrible outrages
take a place that the future often seems overshadowed with a
cloud dark, portentous and riftless.