ohydrate was also present in some quantity, but
could not be isolated. The original seed tissues, therefore, contain an
amyloid and a hemicellulose, the latter differentiated in its resistance
to water. Both yield, however, to acid hydrolysis a complex of products
of similar composition and constitution.

UEBER DEN GEHALT DES TORFES AN PENTOSANEN ODER FURFUROLGEBENDEN STOFFEN
UND AN ANDEREN KOHLENHYDRATEN.

H. V. FEILITZEN and B. TOLLENS (Berl. Ber., 1897, 2,571).

~CARBOHYDRATE CONSTITUENTS OF PEAT.~

(p. 240) An investigation of typical peats taken at successive depths
showed increasing percentage of carbon, and inversely a decreasing yield
of furfural. The numbers may be compared with those for _Sphagnum
cuspidatum_--with C = 49.80 p.ct., and furfural 7.99 p.ct., calculated
to dry, ash-free substance:

__________________________________________________
| | | |
| Depth at which taken | C p.ct. | Furfural p.ct. |
|_______________________|_________|________________|
| _ | | |
| | 20-100 cm. | 51.08 | 6.93 |
| I. | 100-200 " | 53.52 | 5.30 |
| |_ 200-300 " | 58.66 | 3.19 |
| _ | | |
| | Surface-20 " | 55.47 | 3.40 |
| II. | 20-60 " | 55.06 | 3.48 |
| | 60-100 " | 58.25 | 1.45 |
| | 100-120 " | 58.23 | 1.19 |
| |_ 180-200 " | 57.57 | 1.80 |
|_______________________|_________|________________|

_Cellulose_ was estimated by the Lange method. The yield from _Sphagnum_
was 21.1 p.ct.

From specimen I. at { 20-100 cm. 15.20
{ 100-200 " 6.87

From the peat of lower depths no cellulose could be obtained.

_Hydrolysis_ (acid).--On heating with 1 p.ct. H_{2}SO_{4} at 130-135 deg.,
soluble carbohydrates were obtained, amongst which mannose was
identified, and galactose shown to be present in some quantity. After
fermenting away the hexoses, the residue was treated with
phenylhydrazine and an osazone separated. It contained 17.3 p.ct. N, but
melted at 130 deg.. The substance could not be identified as an osazone of
any of the yet known pentoses.

SECTION VIII. INDUSTRIAL AND TECHNICAL. GENERAL REVIEW

~The Industrial Uses of Cellulose.~

C. F. CROSS (Cantor Lectures, Soc. of Arts, 189