s Note:

The exercises in Figure I are in the key of F in 4/4 time; those in
Figure II are in E, 6/8 time; and those in Figure III are in B{b},
4/4 time on eighth notes. All text is from the original.]

FIGURE I.

[Music: Ascending.
(Same figure tone higher.)
(Again raised.) etc.]

[Music: Descending.
(Same figure tone lower.)
(Again lowered) etc.]

The next figure, in which the voice ascends or descends four tones at
each progressive repetition, has a different rhythm.

FIGURE II.

[Music: Ascending.
(Same figure raised.)
(Again raised.) etc.]

[Music: Descending.
(Same, tone lower.)
(Still lower.) etc.]

Another exercise figure is to use five ascending and descending tones.

In the illustration which follows, in the key of B flat, it is shown how
the exercises may be sung, beginning upon the keynote, and keeping
within the voice-compass.

[Music: FIGURE III. etc.]

[Music: (Same Ex. inverted.) etc.]

These exercises are to be sung with vowel-sounds, softly, four measures
with one breath, if possible, and in strict time.

Only so many of these tone-groups may be sung in any one scale, as lie
within the extremes of pitch set for the grade, but if different scales
and upward and downward extensions of the same be used, then all
possible combinations of tones in the major scale may be sung, that is,
these exercise figures may upon a piano be repeated seven times in _any_
key, in phrases of four measures each, both ascending and descending,
but, owing to the limitations of the vocal compass, only a certain
number of ascending or descending phrases can be _sung_ in any one key.

While it is suggested that drill upon these musical figures or groups of
tones may be given from scales, the teacher tracing out the tones with a
pointer with a rhythmical movement, yet it is still better to practice
these groups or some of them from memory, the teacher keeping time for
and directing the class.

[NOTE.--The directions given are for rooms in which the teacher
has only a pitch pipe or tuning-fork to get pitch from. If there
is a piano the drill work for tone will be conducted a little
differently.]

Pages of musical phrases adapted to vocal drill might be given, but to
what end except to produce confusion. Our greatest singers use but few
exercises to keep their voices in good condition, but they practice them
very often. The exer