the Ten Thousand Greeks (B.C. 401-399),
XENOPHON

Condemnation and Death of Socrates (B.C. 399),
PLATO

Brennus Burns Rome (B.C. 388),
BARTHOLD GEORG NIEBUHR

Tartar Invasion of China by Meha (B.C. 341),
DEMETRIUS CHARLES BOULGER

Alexander Reduces Tyre, Later Founds Alexandria (B.C. 332),
OLIVER GOLDSMITH

The Battle of Arbela (B.C. 331),
SIR EDWARD S. CREASY

First Battle Between Greeks and Romans (B.C. 280-279),
PLUTARCH

The Punic Wars (B.C. 264-219-149),
FLORUS

Battle of the Metaurus (B.C. 2O7),
SIR EDWARD S. CREASY

Scipio Africanus Crushes Hannibal at Zama and Subjugates Carthage (B.C.
202),
LIVY

Judas Maccabaeus Liberates Judea (B.C. 165-141),
JOSEPHUS

The Gracchi and Their Reforms (B.C. 133),
THEODOR MOMMSEN

Caesar Conquers Gaul (B.C. 58-50),
NAPOLEON III

Roman Invasion and Conquest of Britain (B.C. 55-A.D. 79),
OLIVER GOLDSMITH

Cleopatra's Conquest of Caesar and Antony (B.C. 51-30),
JOHN P. MAHAFFY

Assassination of Caesar (B.C. 44),
NIEBUHR
PLUTARCH

Rome Becomes a Monarchy
Death of Antony and Cleopatra (B.C. 44-30),
HENRY GEORGE LIDDELL

Germans under Arminius Revolt Against Rome (A.D. 9),
SIR EDWARD S. CREASY

Universal Chronology (B.C. 450-A.D. 12),
JOHN RUDD

ILLUSTRATIONS

VOLUME II

Blind Appius Claudius led into the Roman Senate Chamber to vote on the
proposition of peace or war with Pyrrhus (page 174),

Painting by Prof, A. Maccari.

Oracle of Delphi,

Painting by Claudius Harper.

Death of Alexander the Great after a prolonged debauch,

Painting by Carl von Piloty.

AN OUTLINE NARRATIVE

TRACING BRIEFLY THE CAUSES, CONNECTIONS, AND CONSEQUENCES OF

THE GREAT EVENTS

(FROM THE RISE OF GREECE TO THE CHRISTIAN ERA)

CHARLES F. HORNE, Ph.D.

Earth's upward struggle has been baffled by so many stumbles that
critics have not been lacking to suggest that we do not advance at all,
but only swing in circles, like a squirrel in its cage. Certain it is
that each ancient civilization seemed to bear in itself the seeds of its
own destruction. Yet it may be held with equal truth that each new
power, rising above the ruins of the last, held something nobler, was
borne upward by some truth its rival could not reach.

At no period is this more evident than in the five centuries immediately
preceding the Christian era. Persia, Greece, Carthage, Rome, each