rmy by marches, counter-marches, and
ambuscades." "Bickerings" were incessant during John Adams's
administration between his own supporters and the faction of Hamilton.
"Steed"--Jefferson rode on horseback to the Capitol to take his oath of
office as President. Arrived there he dismounted and fastened his steed
to an elm-tree, since known as Jefferson's tree. He did this to
signalise his disapprobation of royalty, and his preference for
democratic equality. "Speculative" were the celebrated "Madison Papers."
"Doctrine"--the Monroe doctrine declared that no foreign power should
acquire additional dominion in America. "Unlucky" was correctly applied
to John Quincy Adams's administration. See Barnes's U. S. His.,
p. 175. "Unwhipped"--Jackson always came off victorious in all his
duels and military campaigns. "Mocked"--Van Buren was appointed by
Jackson as U. S. Minister to England. The United States Senate rejected
his nomination. This political insult secured much sympathy for him,
and helped to make him President. "Hard-cider" was a party watchword
during Harrison's campaign for the Presidency. "Rudderless"--Tyler
often changed his political views, and finally turned against
the United States Government, of which he had been Chief Executive.
"Realm-extender"--during Polk's administration the United States
acquired the territory embracing California, Arizona, New
Mexico, and Texas. "Warproof"--Taylor was a successful warrior.
"Licenser"--Fillmore's administration passed the Fugitive Slave Law,
which enabled the Southern masters to recapture runaway slaves.
"Looming"--during Pierce's term the cloud of civil war was looming up in
the distance. "Lecompton" constitution of Kansas was a pro-slavery
document which Buchanan favoured. "Agitation" preceded and attended
Lincoln's inauguration, and finally culminated in the civil war.
"Shall"--Johnson made use of the imperative "shall" in regard to the
removal of Edwin M. Stanton, for which attempt he was afterward sought
to be impeached. "Chapultepec" was the battle in which Grant entered
upon that career of military achievement which secured him two
Presidential terms. "Cocoa" was characteristic of the drinks allowed at
Hayes's table at the White House. No wine was tolerated. "Fatal" was
Guiteau's shot to Garfield. "After"--although Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson,
and Arthur became Presidents on the death of their chiefs, yet only
Arthur succeeded to the Presidency in 1881, which is indi