a tight-fitting cap covered the head, and round it was rolled a thick
strip of linen, forming a sort of rudimentary turban, which completed
the costume.*

*Cf. the head belonging to one of the statues of Telloh,
which is reproduced on p. 112 of this volume. We notice the
same head-dress on several intaglios and monuments, and also
on the terra-cotta plaque which will be found on p. 330 of
this volume, and which represents a herdsman wrestling with
a lion. Until we have further evidence, we cannot state, as
G. Raw-linson did, that this strip forming a turban was of
camel's hair; the date of the introduction of the camel into
Chaldoa still remains uncertain.

It is questionable whether, as in Egypt, wigs and false beards formed
part of the toilette. On some monuments we notice smooth faces and
close-cropped heads; on others the men appear with long hair, either
falling loose or twisted into a knot on the back of the neck.* While
the Egyptians delighted in garments of thin white linen, but slightly
plaited or crimped, the dwellers on the banks of the Euphrates preferred
thick and heavy stuffs patterned and striped with many colours. The
kings wore the same costume as their subjects, but composed of richer
and finer materials, dyed red or blue, decorated with floral, animal,
or geometrical designs;** a high tower-shaped tiara covered the
forehead,*** unless replaced by a diadem of Sin or some of the other
gods, which was a conical mitre supporting a double pair of horns, and
sometimes surmounted by a sort of diadem of feathers and mysterious
figures, embroidered or painted on the cap. Their arms were loaded with
massive bracelets and their fingers with rings; they wore necklaces and
earrings, and carried each a dagger in the belt.

* Dignitaries went bareheaded and shaved the chin; see, for
example, the two bas-reliefs given on pp. 105 and 244 of
this volume; cf. the heads reproduced as tailpieces on pp.
2, 124. The knot of hair behind on the central figure is
easily distinguished in the vignette on p. 266 of this
volume.

** The details of colour and ornamentation, not furnished by
the Chaldaean monuments, are given in the wall-painting at
Beni-Nasan representing the arrival of Asiatics in Egypt,
which belongs to a period contemporary with or slightly
anterior to the reign of Gudea. The resemblance of the
stuffs i