ulapius and Minerva, there were scores of
lesser ones who could be invoked for special diseases. It is said that
the young Roman mother might appeal to no less than fourteen goddesses,
from Juno Lucina to Prosa and Portvorta (Withington). Temples were
erected to the Goddess of Fever, and she was much invoked. There is
extant a touching tablet erected by a mourning mother and inscribed:

Febri divae, Febri
Sancte, Febri magnae
Camillo amato pro
Filio meld effecto. Posuit.

It is marvellous what a long line of superhuman powers, major and minor,
man has invoked against sickness. In Swinburne's words:

God by God flits past in thunder till his glories turn to shades,
God by God bears wondering witness how his Gospel flames and
fades;
More was each of these, while yet they were, than man their
servant seemed;
Dead are all of these, and man survives who made them while he
dreamed.

Most of them have been benign and helpful gods. Into the dark
chapters relating to demonical possession and to witchcraft we
cannot here enter. They make one cry out with Lucretius (Bk. V):

O genus infelix humanum, talia divis
Cum tribuit facta atque iras adjunxit acerbas!
Quantos tum gemitus ipsi sibi, quantaque nobis
Vulnera, quas lacrimas peperere minoribu' nostris.

In every age, and in every religion there has been justification for
his bitter words, "tantum religio potuit suadere malorum"--"Such wrongs
Religion in her train doth bring"--yet, one outcome of "a belief in
spiritual beings"--as Tylor defines religion--has been that man has
built an altar of righteousness in his heart. The comparative method
applied to the study of his religious growth has shown how man's
thoughts have widened in the unceasing purpose which runs through his
spiritual no less than his physical evolution. Out of the spiritual
protoplasm of magic have evolved philosopher and physician, as well
as priest. Magic and religion control the uncharted sphere--the
supernatural, the superhuman: science seeks to know the world, and
through knowing, to control it. Ray Lankester remarks that Man is
Nature's rebel, and goes on to say: "The mental qualities which have
developed in Man, though traceable in a vague and rudimentary condition
in some of his animal associates, are of such an unprecedented power and
so far dominate everything else in his activities as a living organism