racter of the surface from which it is attracted, it is not as
violent as the westerly winds are.

Such, too, is the general course and character of the side wind in the
southern hemisphere. There gales are less frequent, the magnetic intensity
is less, the counter-trades are less; it is not in "the order of
Providence" that as much rain shall fall there. Nevertheless, gales occur,
although rarely, if ever, with equal violence. About New Holland, where
storms are pursuing a S. E. course, they have the wind N. E.,
corresponding to our S. E., veering from thence, _by the north_, to the
westward, clearing off from S. W., with a rising barometer, as ours do
from N. W.

In the Bay of Bengal, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea, there is more
irregularity.

But the law of progress and lateral winds can be distinctly traced as
_present_ and prevailing, notwithstanding the irregularities. Our limits
do not permit an analysis. In the celebrated case of the Charles Heddle,
there was much evidence to show that she was driven across the front of
the storm by one lateral wind, and back by another. (Diagram of Colonel
Reid, p. 206.)

The waters of the Indian Ocean are hot and confined. Storms there are
often composed of detached masses, move slower--sometimes not more than
three or four miles an hour--and they curve over the ocean, where it is
hotter than in any similar latitude. Yet, notwithstanding all
peculiarities and irregularities, the law we have been considering is
probably the _prevailing_ law there.

No man knows better the existence of these different currents than Mr.
Redfield. Doubtless it has escaped his attention that the upper of two,
after the passage of a considerable proportion of the storm, becomes the
lower, and causes a seeming change of the same wind.

In a series of elaborate articles, substantially reviewing the whole
subject, published in the American Journal of Science, for 1846, he says:

"In nearly all great storms which are accompanied with rain, there
appear two distinct classes of clouds, one of which, comprising the
storm scuds in the active portion of the gale, has already been
noticed. Above this is an extended stratum of stratus cloud, which is
found moving with the general or local current of the lower
atmosphere which overlies the storm. It covers not only the area of
rain, but often extends greatly beyond this limit, over a part of the
dry portio