of representation in the legislature--a right inestimable to them,
and formidable to tyrants only.

"He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,
uncomfortable, and distant from the repository of their public
records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance
with his measures.

"He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly for opposing
with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.

"He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause
others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of
annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their
exercise--the state remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the
dangers of invasion from without and convulsions within.

"He has endeavored to prevent the population of these states--for
that purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners,
refusing to pass others to encourage migration hither, and raising
the conditions of new appropriations of lands.

"He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his
assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers.

"He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of
their offices and the amount and payment of their salaries.

"He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms
of officers to harass our people and eat out their substance.

"He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without
the consent of our legislatures.

"He has affected to render the military independent of, and
superior to the civil power.

"He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction
foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws--giving
his assent to their acts of pretended legislation.

"For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us;

"For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any
murders which they should commit on the inhabitants of these
states;

"For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world;

"For imposing taxes on us without our consent;

"For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury;

"For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended
offenses:

"For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighb