h the drowned,
Where the change of the soft tide makes no sound,
Far below the keels of the outward bound.

For the same reason such poems as _The Day is Done_, (p. 63) and Part
IV, of _The Lady of Shalott_, (p. 200) are read with gentle force.

A change in force often accompanies a change in pitch. The lower pitch
of parenthetical expressions, and narrative clauses which interrupt
direct discourse, is accompanied by weaker force, and the higher pitch
resulting from the efforts to make one's self heard at a distance is
accompanied by stronger force.

=Stress= is force applied to the vowel sound. When we are taken by
surprise and give expression to it by means of the one word "Oh," we
apply the force or volume of the voice to the beginning of the vowel
sound. This is called _initial or radical stress_ (>). When we wish to
give a very emphatic denial to a statement, or to insist on a refusal
to some persistent request we say "No," gradually increasing the force
of the voice to the last part of the vowel sound. This is called
_final_ or _vanishing stress_ (<). Again, if our minds are uplifted
with wonder and delight at something we have heard or seen, we exclaim
"Oh" applying the force to the middle of the vowel sound. This swell
of the vowel sound is called _median stress_ (<>).

It has already been pointed out that force depends upon the _amount_
of energy. The above examples show that stress or the location of
force depends upon the _kind_ of mental energy, or the attitude of
mind, whether it be that of abruptness, of insistence, or of uplift.

All speech has a slight tendency toward initial stress, because the
effort made by the vocal chords to articulate sound is characterized
by abruptness. If, in addition, the mental energy of the speaker
possesses abruptness through sudden impulse or emotion, or through
unconscious imitation of sound or movement, the initial stress is
very prominent:

_Where_ is thy leather apron, and thy rule?
_What_ dost thou with thy best apparel on?--
_You_, sir, _what trade_ are _you_?

_Quick_, as it fell, from the broken staff
Dame Barbara _snatched_ the silken scarf.

She leaned far out on the window-sill,
And _shook_ it forth with a royal will.

While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,
As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.

If the speaker desires to impress on others his own feelings or
convictions, the final st