ards and outwards, was 8,527,531 tons, and the total dock
revenue for the year was 1,273,752L.!

[14] There were not only Algerine but English pirates scouring the
seas. Keutzner, the German, who wrote in Elizabeth's reign, said, "The
English are good sailors and famous pirates (sunt boni nautae et
insignis pyratae)." Roberts, in his Social History of the Southern
Counties (p. 93), observes, "Elizabeth had employed many English as
privateers against the Spaniard. After the war, many were loth to lead
an inactive life. They had their commissions revoked, and were
proclaimed pirates. The public looked upon them as gallant fellows;
the merchants gave them underhand support; and even the authorities in
maritime towns connived at the sale of their plunder. In spite of
proclamations, during the first five years after the accession of James
I., there were continual complaints. This lawless way of life even
became popular. Many Englishmen furnished themselves with good ships
and scoured the seas, but little careful whom they might plunder." It
was found very difficult to put down piracy. According to Oliver's
History of the city of Exeter, not less than "fifteen sail of Turks"
held the English Channel, snapping up merchantmen, in the middle of the
seventeenth century! The harbours in the south-west were infested by
Moslem pirates, who attacked and plundered the ships, and carried their
crews into captivity. The loss, even to an inland port like Exeter, in
ships, money, and men, was enormous.

[15] Naval Tracts, p. 294.

[16] This poem is now very rare. It is not in the British Museum.

[17] There are three copies extant of the autobiography, all of which
are in the British Museum. In the main, they differ but slightly from
each other. Not one of them has been published in extenso. In
December, 1795, and in February, 1796, Dr. Samuel Denne communicated to
the Society of Antiquaries particulars of two of these MSS., and
subsequently published copious extracts from them in their transactions
(Archae. xii. anno 1796), in a very irregular and careless manner. It
is probable that Dr. Denne never saw the original manuscript, but only
a garbled copy of it. The above narrative has been taken from the
original, and collated with the documents in the State Paper Office.

[18] See, for instance, the Index to the Journals of Records of the
Corporation of the City of London (No. 2, p. 346, 15901694) under the
head of "