contiguous zone:
24 nm
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
no official territorial claim by either Moldova or Romania, but
nationalists in Romania seek the merger of Moldova with Romania;
potential future dispute by Moldova and Romania against Ukraine over
former southern and northern Bessarabian areas
Climate:
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny
summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
Terrain:
central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on
the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian
Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps
Natural resources:
petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore,
salt
Land use:
arable land:
43%
permanent crops:
3%
meadows and pastures:
19%
forest and woodland:
28%
other:
7%
Irrigated land:
34,500 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
soil erosion and degradation; water pollution; air pollution in south
from industrial effluents; contamination of Danube delta wetlands
natural hazards:
earthquakes most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and
climate promote landslides
international agreements:
party to - Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Environmental
Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer
Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified -
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of
the Sea
Note:
controls most easily traversable land route between the Balkans,
Moldova, and Ukraine

@Romania, People

Population:
23,181,415 (July 1994 est.)
note:
the Romanian census of January 1992 gives the population for that date
as 22.749 million; the government estimates that population declined
in 1993 by 0.3%
Population growth rate:
0.06% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
13.66 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
10.02 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
-3.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
19.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
71.74 years
male:
68.81 years
female:
74.84 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.82 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Romanian(s)