one of the highest in the
world - has led to a decline in per capita output in each of the last
three years, 1991-93. Undependable weather conditions and a shortage
of arable land hamper long-term growth in agriculture, the leading
economic sector. In industry and services, Nairobi's reluctance to
embrace IMF-supported reforms has held back investment. Ethnic clashes
and continued suspension of quick disbursing aid by the international
donors kept growth at only 0.5% in 1993.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $33.2 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
0.5% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$1,200 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
55% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
23.8% urban (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$2.4 billion
expenditures:
$2.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $740 million (1990
est.)
Exports:
$1 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
tea 25%, coffee 18%, petroleum products 11% (1990)
partners:
EC 47%, Africa 23%, Asia 11%, US 4%, Middle East 3% (1991)
Imports:
$1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
machinery and transportation equipment 29%, petroleum and petroleum
products 15%, iron and steel 7%, raw materials, food and consumer
goods (1989)
partners:
EC 46%, Asia 23%, Middle East 20%, US 5% (1991)
External debt:
$7 billion (1992 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate 5.4% (1989 est.); accounts for 13% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
730,000 kW
production:
2.54 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
100 kWh (1990)
Industries:
small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles,
soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural processing, oil refining,
cement, tourism
Agriculture:
most important sector, accounting for 25% of GDP and 65% of exports;
cash crops - coffee, tea, sisal, pineapple; food products - corn,
wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables, dairy products, beef, pork,
poultry, eggs; food output not keeping pace with population growth,
and crop production has been extended into marginal land
Illicit drugs:
widespread wild, small-plot cultivation of marijuana and gat; most
locally consumed; transit country for Southwest Asian heroin moving to
West Africa and onward to Europe and North America; Indian
methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89),