RST RAILWAY ENGINE IN CANADA, CHAMPLAIN AND ST LAWRENCE RAILROAD,
1837 . . . . . . _Facing page_ 38
From a print in the Chateau de Ramezay.

RAILROADS AND LOTTERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 48
An Early Canadian Prospectus.

SIR FRANCIS HINCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 66
From a portrait in the Dominion Archives.

RAILWAYS OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, 1860 (Map) . . . " 92

SIR GEORGE SIMPSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 110
From a print in the John Ross Robertson Collection,
Toronto Public Library.

SIR SANDFORD FLEMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 114
From a photograph by Topley.

FLEMING ROUTE AND THE TRANS-CONTINENTALS (Map) . . . " 118

{viii}

RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1880 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 130

LORD STRATHCONA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 134
From a photograph by Lafayette, London.

LORD MOUNT STEPHEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 140
From a photograph by Wood and Henry, Dufftown.
By courtesy of Sir William Van Horne.

SIR WILLIAM CORNELIUS VAN HORNE . . . . . . . . . . " 148
From a photograph by Notman.

RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1896 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 180

CANADIAN NORTHERN RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . " 194

CHARLES MELVILLE HAYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 200
From a photograph by Notman.

GRAND TRUNK SYSTEM, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 218

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . " 224

GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . " 230

RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 238

{1}

CHAPTER I

THE COMING OF THE RAILWAY

The Coming of the Railway--The Iron Road--The New Power--Engine and
Rail--The Work of the Railway

On the morning of October 6, 1829, there began at Rainhill, in England,
a contest without parallel in either sport or industry. There were
four entries:

Braithwaite and Ericsson's _Novelty_.
Timothy Hackworth's _Sans-pareil_.
Stephenson and Booth's _Rocket_.
Burstall's _Perseverance_.

These were neither race-horses nor stagecoaches, but rival types of the
newly invented steam locomotive. To win the L500 prize offered, the
successful engine, if weighing six tons, must be able to draw a load of
twenty tons at ten miles an h