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triangle are equal to two right angles looked for in the inflation of the sphere_ (London, 1853), of which there were three editions. [620] For the latest summary, see W. B. Frankland, _Theories of Parallelism, an historical critique_, Cambridge, 1910. [621] Joseph Louis Lagrange (1736-1813), author of the _Mecanique analytique_ (1788), _Theorie des functions analytiques_ (1797), _Traite de la resolution des equations numeriques de tous degres_ (1798), _Lecons sur le calcul des fonctions_ (1806), and many memoirs. Although born in Turin and spending twenty of his best years in Germany, he is commonly looked upon as the great leader of French mathematicians. The last twenty-seven years of his life were spent in Paris, and his remarkable productivity continued to the time of his death. His genius in the theory of numbers was probably never excelled except by Fermat. He received very high honors at the hands of Napoleon and was on the first staff of the Ecole polytechnique (1797). [622] "I shall have to think it over again." [623] Henry Goulburn (1784-1856) held various government posts. He was under-secretary for war and the colonies (1813), commissioner to negotiate peace with America (1814), chief secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1821), and several times Chancellor of the Exchequer. On the occasion mentioned by De Morgan he was standing for parliament, and was successful. [624] On Drinkwater Bethune see note 165, page 99. [625] Charles Henry Cooper (1808-1866) was a biographer and antiquary. He was town clerk of Cambridge (1849-1866) and wrote the _Annals of Cambridge_ (1842-1853). His _Memorials of Cambridge_ (1874) appeared after his death. Thompson Cooper was his son, and the two collaborated in the _Athenae Cantabrigiensis_ (1858). [626] William Yates Peel (1789-1858) was a brother of Sir Robert Peel, he whose name degenerated into the familiar title of the London "Bobby" or "Peeler." Yates Peel was a member of parliament almost continuously from 1817 to 1852. He represented Cambridge at Westminster from 1831 to 1835. [627] Henry John Temple, third Viscount of Palmerston (1784-1865), was member for Cambridge in 1811, 1818, 1820, 1826 (defeating Goulburn), and 1830. He failed of reelection in 1831 because of his advocacy of reform. This must have been the time when Goulburn defeated him. He was Foreign Secretary (1827) and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1830-1841, and 1846-1851)
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