ble of the number of slaves in
each:

1. Virginia.........490,865 10. Texas..........182,566

2. Georgia.........462,198 11. Missouri.......114,931

3. Mississippi.....436,631 12. Arkansas.......111,114

4. Alabama.........435,080 13. Maryland....... 87,189

5. South Carolina..402,406 14. Florida.........61,745

6. Louisiana.......331,726 15. Delaware....... 1,798

7. North Carolina...331,059 16. New Jersey...... 18

8. Tennessee.......275,719 17. Nebraska....... 15

9. Kentucky........225,483 18. Kansas......... 2

There were 3,185 slaves in the District of Columbia and 29 in the
Territory of Utah, with all the rest of the country absolutely free.

The immigrant Slaveowners promptly planted themselves where they could
command the great highway of the Missouri River, taking up broad tracts
of the fertile lands on both sides of the stream. The Census of 1860
showed that of the 114,965 slaves held in the State, 50,280 were in the
12 Counties along the Missouri:

Boone........... ....5,034 Jackson..............3,944

Calloway.............4,257 Lafayette............6,357

Chariton.............2,837 Pike.................4,056

Clay.................3,456 Platte...............3,313

Cooper...............3,800 St. Charles..........2,181

Howard...............5,889 Saline...............4,876

Two-thirds of all the slaves in the State were held within 20 miles of
the Missouri River.

As everywhere, the Slaveowners exerted an influence immeasurably
disproportionate to their numbers, intelligence and wealth.

10

A very large proportion of the immigration had not been of a character
to give much promise as to the future.

The new State had been the Adullam's Cave for the South, where "every
one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt and every one
that was discontented gathered themselves." Next to Slavery, the South
had been cursed by the importation of paupers and criminals who had been
transported from England for England's good, in the early history of the
Colonies, to work the new lands. The negro proving the better worker in
servitude than this class, they had been driven off the plantations to
squat on unoccupied lands, where they bred like the beasts of the field,
getting a precarious living from hunting the forest, and th