r, 246;
and the Scriptures, 376.
Preaching Friars, _see_ Dominicans, Franciscans and Mendicants.
Pride, spiritual, of monks, 395.
Probabilism, doctrine of, 274.
Protestantism, effect of, upon monasticism, 286;
guilty of persecution, 332;
and the Church of England, 340;
its real value to England, 346;
its religious ideal, 356.
Putnam, on the rule of St. Benedict, 139;
on Cassiodorus, 153;
on the first quarrel over copyright, 170.
Pythagoras, asceticism of, 21, 426.

R

Reade, Charles, on the monk's flight from the world, 368.
Reading, the monks of, their pious frauds, 318.
Recluses, _see_ Hermits.
Reformed Orders, 173.
Reform, monastic, 173, 205;
fails to stop decline of monasteries, 196, 207, 286;
demanded by popes, 286;
failure of, 336.
_See_ Monasticism.
Reformation, The Protestant, furthered by certain Franciscans, 247;
relation of Mendicants to, 248;
the Jesuits and, 277; 278, 283;
in England, its character, and results, 345,346;
and the monastic life, 374.
Relics, fraudulent, 128, 318.
Religion, monasticism and, 18, 412;
influence of feelings and opinions, 354;
enthusiasm for, fostered by monks, 413;
the sense of sin, 414;
salvation, 417;
the distinction between the secular and the religious, 418, 420;
the doctrine of the cross, 418;
essence of, 419;
true, possible outside of convents, 421.
Religious houses, _see_ Monasteries.
Renunciation of the world, 358, 369.
_See_ Self-denial.
Rice, Ap, a Royal Commissioner, 311.
Riches, _see_ Wealth.
Richard II., confiscates alien priories, 338.
Robertson, F. W., on excessive
austerities, 94.
Rome, Church of, her claims
respecting the early British
Church, 162; writers of, on
the stigmata, 223; her relation
to the Jesuits, 275, and the
English people, 294, 341;
martyrs of, 332; writers of, on
the fall of monasteries, 334,
335; England separates from,
342; her religious ideal, 356;
Parkman on, 386; Macaulay
on, 403. _See_ Henry VIII.
Rome, Monasticism introduced in,
71; social and religious state
of, in the fourth century, 72,
74; Dill on causes of the
fall of, 74; classes of society
in, 75; Farrar on luxury of,
75; epigram of Silvianus, 76;
Kingsley on ruin of, 78; Jerome
on sack of, by Alaric, 103.
_See_ Jerome.
Roman Empire, nominally Christian,
73;. its impending doom,
73, 367.
Romanus, a monk, 131.
Royalty, affected by monasticism,
179.