e is R. Jacob Perpignano. See
Graetz, VI, note 1, p. 399.]

[Footnote 19: The meaning of course is that the Genoese
pillage Christian and Mohammedan places alike.]

[Footnote 20: See Dr. H. Berliner's work _Die Geschichte der
Juden in Rom._ His derivation of the Hebrew word used for
Pope, [Hebrew:] from Peter, is questionable. It is the Greek
[Greek: hepiphoros]. See Talmud, _Aboda Zarah_, 11 a.]

[Footnote 21: The great work alluded to is the _Talmudical
Dictionary_, completed in 1101. See Graetz, VI, p. 281.]

[Footnote 22: The palace of the Caesars on the Palatine Hill
is no doubt here referred to.]

[Footnote 23: [Hebrew:], quoted by E and Asher, is a corrupt
reading for [Hebrew:].]

[Footnote 24: This is Josippon's story. Benjamin
occasionally embodies in his work fantastic legends told
him, or recorded by his predecessors. His authorities lived
in the darkest period of the Middle Ages. Josippon, Book I,
Chap, iv, speaks of 320 senators. I have followed
Breithaupt, and rendered [Hebrew:] "consul."]

[Footnote 25: Having regard to the various readings, it is
possible that the Thermae of Diocletian or more probably the
Flavian amphitheatre, which early in the Middle Ages began
to be called the Colosseum, is here referred to. It had four
stories, each floor composed of arcades containing eighty
separate compartments, making 320 in all. Our author in the
course of his narrative speaks more than once of buildings
erected on a uniform plan corresponding with the days of the
year.]

[Footnote 26: I. Heilprin, the author of _Seder Hadoroth_
(Warsaw, 1897 edition, p. 157) as well as Zunz, appear to
have here fallen into error, assuming as they do that
Benjamin refers to the ten teachers of the Mishna, R.
Gamaliel, R. Akiba and the other sages who suffered
martyrdom in Palestine at the hands of the Roman Emperors.
The ten martyrs here alluded to are those referred to in the
Preface to Hakemoni, published by Geiger in [Hebrew:],
Berlin, 1840, and [Hebrew:], Berlin edition, fols. 151-2
[Hebrew:] Rome, as so many other cities, had its own
martyrs.]

[Footnote 27: This is the statue of Marcus Aurelius now
before the Capitol.]

[Footnote 28: Even in Benjamin's time the Campagna was noted
for malaria.]