ear evidence of sales of lands standing in the name of R.
Kalonymos (_Archives Israelites_, 1861, p. 449). His
ancestor, R. Machir, came to Europe in the time of
Charlemagne.]

[Footnote 8: R. Abraham ben Isaac (Rabad II) was author of
the Rabbinic code; Ha-Eshkol, and was one of the
intermediaries between the Talmudists of France and the
Scholars of Spain. He died 1178.]

[Footnote 9: A parasang is about 3-2/5 English miles, and
the distance from Narbonne to Beziers is correctly given. 10
parasangs make a day's journey.]

[Footnote 10: The King of Portugal is even now styled King
of the Algarves.]

[Footnote 11: Cf. Graetz, VI, p. 240, also Joseph Jacob's
_Angevin Jews_, p. 111. R. Asher was one of a group of pious
Rabbis known as Perushim--who might be styled Jewish monks.
His father, Rabbenu Meshullam, died 1170.]

[Footnote 12: He is referred to in _Tosafoth Temurah_, fol.
12a and b.]

[Footnote 13: This eminent Talmudist, known as the Rabad,
was son-in-law of the R. Abraham of Narbonne before referred
to. See Graetz, VI, 243.]

[Footnote 14: The Abbey of St. Aegidius was much resorted to
in the Middle Ages. The Jews of Beaucaire, and the
neighbourhood, enjoyed the patronage of Raymond V, Count of
Toulouse, called by the Troubadour poets "the good Duke."
See Graetz, VI, note I, p. 401. It is impossible to enlarge
in these notes upon the several Jewish scholars referred to
by Benjamin. An interesting article by Professor Israel Levi
on the "Jews in Mediaeval France," and other articles, in
the _Jewish Encyclopaedia_, also Gross, _Gallia Judaica_,
might be consulted with advantage.]

[Footnote 15: The BM. MS. calls R. Abba Mari dead, which
statement, unless qualified, as in a few other instances, by
the insertion of the word "since," would be unintelligible.]

[Footnote 16: Asher's Text and Epstein's MS. give the
distance between Arles and Marseilles as three days'
journey. The actual distance is about fifty-three English
miles. Probably the Roman roads were still in use.]

[Footnote 17: R. Isaac, son of Abba Mari, is the celebrated
author of "Baal Haittur"; he wrote this work at Marseilles,
1179. It is doubtful whether he was the son of Count
Raymond's bailiff.]

[Footnote 18: His full nam