ites,
that both Mr. Morgan and Mr. M'Lennan 'seem to me to think that human
society went everywhere through the same series of changes, and Mr.
M'Lennan, at any rate, expresses himself as if all those stages could be
clearly discriminated from one another, and the close of one and the
commencement of another announced with the distinctness of the clock-bell
telling the end of the hour.' On the other hand, I remember Mr.
M'Lennan's saying that, in his opinion, 'all manner of arrangements
probably went on simultaneously in different places.' In Studies in
Ancient History, p. 127, he expressly guards against the tendency 'to
assume that the progress of the various races of men from savagery has
been a uniform progress: that all the stages which any of them has gone
through have been passed in their order by all.' Still more to the point
is his remark on polyandry among the very early Greeks and other Aryans;
'it is quite consistent with my view that in all these quarters (Persia,
Sparta, Troy, Lycia, Attica, Crete, &c.) monandry, and even the patria
potestas, may have prevailed at points.'

{250b} Early Law and Custom, p. 212.

{251} Studies in Ancient History, pp. 140-147.

{252} Totem is the word generally given by travellers and interpreters
for the family crests of the Red Indians. Cf. p. 105.

{256} Domestic Manners of the Chinese, i. 99.

{258} Fortnightly Review, June 1, 1877.

{259} Kamilaroi and Kurnai. Natives call these objects their kin, 'of
one flesh' with them.

{260} Studies, p. 11.

{265a} O'Curry, Manners of Ancient Irish, l. ccclxx., quoting Trin.
Coll. Dublin MS.

{265b} See also Elton's Origins of English History, pp. 299-301.

{265c} Kemble's Saxons in England, p. 258. Politics of Aristotle,
Bolland and Lang, p. 99. {265d}

{265d} Mr. Grant Allen kindly supplied me some time ago with a list of
animal and vegetable names preserved in the titles of ancient English
village settlements. Among them are: ash, birch, bear (as among the
Iroquois), oak, buck, fir, fern, sun, wolf, thorn, goat, horse, salmon
(the trout is a totem in America), swan (familiar in Australia), and
others.

{267} 'Gentiles sunt qui inter se eodem nomine sunt. Qui ab ingeniis
oriundi sunt. Quorum majorum nemo servitutem servivit. Qui capite non
sunt deminuti.'

{268} Studies in Ancient History, p. 212.

{270} Fortnightly Review, October 1869: 'Archaeologia Americana,' ii.
113.

{273a} Suida