wn or supposed to be
dictionaries, for, as they are all lost, it is often difficult to
decide on their nature. Of these, Anticlides, who lived after the
reign of Alexander the Great, wrote [Greek: Exegetikos], which seems
to have been a sort of dictionary, perhaps explaining the words and
phrases occurring in ancient stories. Zenodotus, the first
superintendent of the great library of Alexandria, who lived in the
reigns of Ptolemy I. and Ptolemy II., wrote [Greek: Glossai], and also
[Greek: Lexeis ethnikai], a dictionary of barbarous or foreign
phrases. Aristophanes of Byzantium, son of Apelles the painter, who
lived in the reigns of Ptolemy II. and Ptolemy III., and had the
supreme management of the Alexandrian library, wrote a number of
works, as [Greek: Attikai Lexeis, Lakonikai Glossai] which, from the
titles, should be dictionaries, but a fragment of his [Greek: Lexeis]
printed by Boissonade, in his edition of Herodian (London, 1869, 8vo,
pp. 181-189), is not alphabetical. Artemidorus, a pupil of
Aristophanes, wrote a dictionary of technical terms used in cookery.
Nicander Colophonius, hereditary priest of Apollo Clarius, born at
Claros, near Colophon in Ionia, in reputation for 50 years, from 181
to 135, wrote [Greek: Glossai] in at least three books. Parthenius, a
pupil of the Alexandrian grammarian Dionysius (who lived in the 1st
century before Christ), wrote on choice words used by historians.
Didymus, called [Greek: chalkenteros], who, according to Athenaeus,
wrote 3500 books, and, according to Seneca, 4000, wrote lexicons of
the tragic poets (of which book 28 is quoted), of the comic poets, of
ambiguous words and of corrupt expressions. Glossaries of Attic words
were written by Crates, Philemon, Philetas and Theodorus; of Cretan,
by Hermon or Hermonax; of Phrygian, by Neoptolemus; of Rhodian, by
Moschus; of Italian, by Diodorus of Tarsus; of foreign words, by
Silenus; of synonyms, by Simaristus; of cookery, by Heracleon; and of
drinking vessels, by Apollodorus of Cyrene. According to Suidas, the
most ancient Greek lexicographer was Apollonius the sophist, son of
Archibius. According to the common opinion, he lived in the time of
Augustus at Alexandria. He composed a lexicon of words used by Homer,
[Greek: Lexeis Homerikai], a very valuable and useful work, though
much interpolated, edited by Villoison, from a MS. of the 10th
century, Paris