able to detect serious forms of
disease. By the use of the clinical thermometer, placed under the
tongue, it is easy to determine what agents acting upon the body will
cause the temperature to vary from the natural standard. When alcohol is
swallowed there is at first a decided feeling of warmth induced; if the
temperature be taken now it will be found that in a person unaccustomed
to alcohol the warmth may be raised half a degree; in one accustomed to
alcohol the warmth may be raised a full degree, or even a degree and a
half beyond the natural standard. But this warmth is only temporary, and
is soon succeeded by chilliness.

Dr. Richardson says in his _Temperance Lesson Book_:--

"The sense of warmth occurs in the following way: When the
alcohol enters the body, and by the blood-vessels is conveyed to
all parts of the body, it reduces the nervous power of the small
blood-vessels which are spread out through the whole of the
surface of the skin. In their weakened state these vessels are
unable duly to resist the course of blood which is coming into
them from the heart under its stroke. The result is that an
excess of warm blood fresh from the heart is thrown into these
fine vessels, which causes the skin to become flushed and red as
it is seen to be after wine or other strong drink has been
swallowed and sent through the body. So, as there is now more
warm blood in the skin than is natural to it, a sense of
increased warmth is felt. The skin of the body is the most
sensitive of substances and the sense of warmth through, or over
the whole surface of the skin is conveyed from it to the brain
and nervous centres of the body, by which we are enabled to
feel.

"The warmth of surface which seems to be imparted by alcohol,
only _seems_ to be imparted. Positively the warmth is not
imparted by the alcohol, but is set free by it.

"In a short time the sense of warmth is succeeded by a feeling
of slight chilliness. Unless the person is in a very warm room,
or has recently partaken of food, the thermometer will now show
a decided decrease in temperature, reaching often to a degree.
Should the person go out into a cold air, and especially should
he go into a cold air while badly supplied with food, the fall
of temperature may reach to two degrees below the natural
standard of bodily heat. In this state he easily tak