273;
relations with Shaftesbury, 275;
makes peace with the Dutch, 281;
makes another treaty with Lewis, 287;
negotiations with Lewis, 291;
position after peace of Nimeguen, _ib._, 293;
attitude during the Popish plot. 297;
plan for the succession of James, 307;
struggle with Shaftesbury, 311-313, 321;
recalls James, 315;
resists the Exclusion, 321;
dissolves the Parliament, 322;
turns again to France, _ib._, 323;
action in 1681, 323, 324;
persecutes Nonconformists, recalls James, and arrests Monmouth, 335;
his triumph, vii. 1;
policy in his last years, 2;
dealings with the towns, 3;
increases his Guards, 4;
sickness, _ib._;
death, 5;
authorities for his reign, vi. 157, 158

Charles IV., emperor, ii. 236, 348

Charles (V.), son of Philip of Austria, iii. 208;
relations with England and France, 232, 233;
king of Spain, 234;
treaties with Francis I., _ib._;
emperor, 240;
visits England, 241;
betrothed to Mary, 242;
war with Francis, _ib._;
league with Henry VIII. and the Pope, 243;
successes in Italy, 244, 248, 250;
treachery to Henry and Wolsey, 248, 249;
new alliance with Henry, 250;
expels Luther, 254;
marriage, 266;
relations with Lutherans, 275;
proposes alliance with France against Henry, 336;
his religious policy, iv. 18, 19;
proposes a general council, 20;
defeated in Hungary and Algiers, 24;
attacked by Francis, _ib._;
alliance with Henry, 27;
failure of his plans of reunion, 30-32;
treaty with France, 32;
attacks the League of Schmalkald, 36;
victory at Muhlberg, 50;
policy towards Protestants, 51;
persecutes them, 58;
ruin of his plans, 65;
treaty with Lutherans, _ib._;
relations with Mary Tudor, 79, 80;
abdicates, 98

Charles III., king of Spain, vii. 126, 131;
emperor (Charles VI.) 142, 199, 200, 220

Charles VII., emperor, vii. 223, 225

Charles IV., king of France, ii. 197, 198, 208

Charles (V.) of France, duke of Normandy, ii. 264, 265;
king, 281, 282, 285, 288

Charles VI., king of France, iii. 5, 26, 35, 39

Charles (VII.), Dauphin, iii. 26, 39, 46, 48;
crowned, 52;
received in Paris, 56;
Le Mans surrendered to, 62;
regains Normandy, _ib._;
conquers Guienne, 68, 69

Charles VIII., king of France, iii. 170;
annexes