mployed some days at farm operations which return only a
portion of their wages rather than not to have them employed at all.
Under such circumstances, therefore, the cost of producing a given crop
may be greater than is indicated by the time actually employed in its
production.

Many other factors also enter, as the average number of hours per day
which it is possible to work. This is greatly influenced by weather
conditions. The Minnesota station determined that the working day on
about thirty farms in that state varied from seven and one-half to
eight and one-half hours, with two to three and one-half hours on
Sunday. The average length of the working day for horses varied from
3.1 to 3.3 hours.

The cost for labor of cultivating a given area of land will depend not
only on the crop or crops to be raised, the climate, the topography
and character of the soil, the size and shape of the fields and the
system of cropping, but also upon the man's ability for organization.
It is said that the European farmers, and even the farmers from
eastern Canada, are several years in adjusting themselves to farming
in western Canada. When the farmers from Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska or
surrounding states move into western Canada with their three-horse
teams and other suitable equipment, applying their thorough knowledge
of prairie farming, they are at once successful. The man is thus an
important factor.

TIME REQUIRED FOR CULTURAL OPERATIONS

The following table will be helpful as showing time required to
perform certain operations, since it is a record of labor actually
employed on a field of 18 acres of easily tilled land in central Ohio.
All labor was employed at prices named, board for man and food for
horses being furnished in addition at the prices estimated. The owner
of the land furnished the horse for the harvester.

Plowing 7.5 days at $2 $15.00
Harrowing 3 days at 2 6.00
Planting 2 days at 2 4.00
Cultivating (4 times) 7 days at 2 14.00
Cultivating with harvester 6 days at 1 6.00
Husking and cribbing by the job 45.54
Estimated cost of board 25-1/2 days 7.95
Estimated team maintenance 25-1/2 days 4.90
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