then?

Have you ever seen a compass? It is a box in which is a little needle
swinging on the top of a pin. When this needle is at rest, one end of it
_points to the north_.

[Illustration: A COMPASS.]

As the needle shows where the north is; it is easy to find the south,
the east, or the west.

With the compass as a guide, the sailor, in the darkest night, can tell
in what direction he is going.

North, south, east, and west are called the _chief points_ of the
compass.

Other directions are northeast, halfway between north and east;
northwest, halfway between north and west; southeast, halfway between
south and east; and southwest, halfway between south and west.

[Illustration: POINTS OF THE COMPASS.]

_Write on your slates:_

The chief points of the compass are north, south, east, and west.

Other directions are northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest.

Sailors find their way over the ocean by the help of the compass.

LESSON V.

QUESTIONS ON DIRECTION.

Your teacher will give you time to discover answers to these questions.
She could tell you, but it is better to find them out for yourself.

If I go out of doors, how can I find the north? How can I find it on a
starlight night? How can I find it on pleasant days? How on rainy days?
How does a sailor find the north?

If you were lost and knew your home was north, how would you find it? Do
you know how hunters and Indians who live a great deal in the woods find
out where the north is? When you are in the woods, notice the amount of
moss on the north side of trees as compared to that on the south side.

As winter approaches; many of our birds will want to go to a warmer
country; in what direction will they fly? Point to where ice and snow
have their home. What direction is that?

In what direction does your shadow fall at sunrise? At sunset? At noon?
When, during the day, is your shadow shortest?

[Illustration: "IN WHAT DIRECTION DOES YOUR SHADOW FALL?"]

In what direction does your shadow extend from yourself when it is
shortest?

What time of day is noon? How can we tell when it is noon? When is the
sun highest in the sky?

[Illustration: "WHAT MAY WE DISCOVER BY WATCHING THE SMOKE?"]

What may we discover by watching the direction of the smoke from the
chimneys? What does a vane on a steeple tell us? What is a north wind? A
south wind? An east wind? A west wind?

What kind of weather may be expected from a north wind? Fr