e,
duration, quantity, and quality. The former, however, admits the
alternative of tending by hand or with the plough. The grafting of the
vine, though a critical operation, is practised with success. When the
graft has taken, they bend it into the earth, and let it take root above
the scar. They begin to yield an indifferent wine at three years old,
but not a good one till twenty-five years, nor after eighty, when they
begin to yield less, and worse, and must be renewed. They give three or
four workings in the year, each worth seventy or seventy-five livres the
journal, which is of eight hundred and forty square ioises, and contains
about three thousand plants. They dung a little in Medoc and Grave,
because of the poverty of the soil; but very little; as more would
affect the wine. The _journal_ yields, _communions annis_, about three
_pieces_ (of two hundred and forty, or two hundred and fifty bottles
each). The vineyards of first quality are all worked by their
proprietors. Those of the second, rent for three hundred livres the
journal: those of third, at two hundred livres. They employ a kind of
overseer at four or five hundred livres the year, finding him lodging
and drink: but he feeds himself. He superintends and directs, though
he is expected to work but little. If the proprietor has a garden, the
overseer tends that. They never hire laborers by the year. The day wages
for a man are thirty sous, a woman's fifteen sous, feeding themselves.
The women make the bundles of sarment, weed, pull off the snails, tie
the vines, and gather the grapes. During the vintage they are paid high,
and fed well.

Of Red wines, there are four vineyards of the first quality; viz. 1.
_Chateau Margau_, belonging to the Marquis d'Agincourt, who makes about
one hundred and fifty tons, of one thousand bottles each. He has
engaged to Jernon, a merchant. 2. _La Tour de Segur, en Saint Lambert_,
belonging to Monsieur Miresmenil, who makes one hundred and twenty-five
tons. 3. _Hautbrion_, belonging two-thirds to M. le Comte de Femelle,
who has engaged to Barton, a merchant: the other third to the Comte de
Toulouse, at Toulouse. The whole is seventy-five tons. 4. _Chateau de
la Fite_, belonging to the President Pichard, at Bordeaux, who makes one
hundred and seventy-five tons. The wines of the three first, are not in
perfection till four years old: those of _de la Fite_, being somewhat
lighter, are good at three years; that is, the crop of 178