called an _accessory before the fact_, and is punished in the same
manner as the principal. If he conceals the offender after the offense
has been committed, or gives him any aid to prevent his being brought to
punishment, he is an _accessory after the fact_, and may be imprisoned
or fined.

Sec.23. _Assault and Battery_ is unlawfully to assault or threaten, or to
strike or wound another. Besides being liable to fine and imprisonment,
the offender is liable also to the party injured for damages.

Sec.24. A _riot_ is the assembling together of three or more persons, with
intent forcibly to injure the person or property of another, or to break
the peace; or agreeing with each other to do such unlawful act, and
making any movement or preparation therefor, though lawfully assembled.
When riotous persons are thus assembled, and are proceeding to commit
offenses, any judge, justice, sheriff, or other ministerial officer, may
in the name of the state, command them to disperse. If they refuse, the
peace officers are required to call upon all persons near to aid in
taking the rioters into custody. Persons refusing to assist may be
fined.

Sec.25. A sheriff or other officer voluntarily suffering a prisoner charged
with or convicted of an offense, to _escape_, from his custody, is
guilty of a misdemeanor. To _rescue_ a prisoner thus charged or
convicted, is punishable in a similar manner. It is also a misdemeanor
to assist a criminal, with a view to effect his escape, though he does
not escape from jail.

Sec.26. A person taking upon himself to act as a public officer, and taking
or keeping a person in custody unlawfully or without authority, is
_false imprisonment_; for which the offender may be fined or imprisoned.

Sec.27. The offenses mentioned in the last four sections, being of a lower
grade than those defined in the preceding sections, and not being
punishable in a state prison, are usually called _misdemeanors_, and are
punishable by fine or imprisonment in a county jail. There are numerous
other misdemeanors and immoralities, as profane cursing and swearing,
betting and gaming, horse racing, disturbing religious meetings,
sabbath-breaking, trespasses and injury to property, and many disorderly
practices, all of which are punishable in a like manner.

Law of Nations.

Chapter LXIII.

Origin and Progress of the Law of Nations; the Natural, Customary, and
Conventional Laws of Nations.

Sec.1. The