en recovered from the sand of the desert by the
indefatigable industry of the French Egyptologist Monsieur Mariette.

I have been so fortunate as to visit this spot and to search through
every part of it, and the petitions I speak of have been familiar to me
for years. When, however, quite recently, one of my pupils undertook to
study more particularly one of these documents--preserved in the Royal
Library at Dresden--I myself reinvestigated it also, and this study
impressed on my fancy a vivid picture of the Serapeum under Ptolemy
Philometor; the outlines became clear and firm, and acquired color, and
it is this picture which I have endeavored to set before the reader, so
far as words admit, in the following pages.

I did not indeed select for my hero the recluse, nor for my heroines
the twins who are spoken of in the petitions, but others who might have
lived at a somewhat earlier date under similar conditions; for it is
proved by the papyrus that it was not once only and by accident that
twins were engaged in serving in the temple of Serapis, but that, on the
contrary, pair after pair of sisters succeeded each other in the office
of pouring out libations.

I have not invested Klea and Irene with this function, but have
simply placed them as wards of the Serapeum and growing up within its
precincts. I selected this alternative partly because the existing
sources of knowledge give us very insufficient information as to the
duties that might have been required of the twins, partly for other
reasons arising out of the plan of my narrative.

Klea and Irene are purely imaginary personages, but on the other hand
I have endeavored, by working from tolerably ample sources, to give a
faithful picture of the historical physiognomy of the period in which
they live and move, and portraits of the two hostile brothers Ptolemy
Philometor and Euergetes II., the latter of whom bore the nickname of
Physkon: the Stout. The Eunuch Eulaeus and the Roman Publius Cornelius
Scipio Nasica, are also historical personages.

I chose the latter from among the many young patricians living at the
time, partly on account of the strong aristocratic feeling which he
displayed, particularly in his later life, and partly because his
nickname of Serapion struck me. This name I account for in my own way,
although I am aware that he owed it to his resemblance to a person of
inferior rank.

For the further enlightenment of the reader who is not famili