thought, a slight tendency, in many cases, to strabismus;
the hair coarse, very black, and perfectly straight; the nose prominent
or even aquiline; the complexion usually of a reddish, coppery, or
cinnamon colour, but with considerable variations in this respect. They
have seldom much beard. In physical qualities the Indians thus make a
somewhat close approximation to the Mongolian type. There is also a
certain remarkable feebleness of constitution, combined, it may be, with
vigour, suppleness and strength of body. At least, the aboriginal races
do not resist well the epidemics introduced by the whites; and many
tribes have been exterminated by the effects of the 'firewater' and the
vicious habits brought in by more civilised men. The Red man is usually
proud and reserved; serious, if not gloomy, in his views of life;
comparatively indifferent to wit or pleasantry; vain of personal
endowments; brave and fond of war, yet extremely cautious and taking no
needless risks; fond of gambling and drinking; seemingly indifferent to
pain; kind and hospitable to strangers, yet revengeful and cruel, almost
beyond belief, to those who have given offence.... They often excel in
horsemanship, and, as a rule, sight and hearing are wonderfully acute."

Such was the remnant of the aborigines whom Booker Washington now
endeavoured to educate and to drill into civilised habits. A master
difficulty consisted in teaching them the English language. All in the
institute showed them great kindness and evidently won their gratitude.
The strangest thing of all was that if the devoted tutor had occasion to
go abroad with one of his pupils the Red man was eligible for reception
anywhere, while in a steam-boat dining-room, or at the clerk's desk of
an hotel, the Black one was ostracised. Apart from this there appeared
to be some promise of success in the work of training the Indians; but
it may be feared that through his kindness of heart their teacher
harboured expectations which were too sanguine to be realised.

In the fall of 1900, as he himself explains in course of an article on
"The Economic Value of the Negro," in _The International Monthly_ for
December of that year, Booker Washington received letters showing that
openings for negro labourers existed in Cuba, the Sandwich Islands and
elsewhere. This naturally led him to think closely on the subject
mentioned, and to compare the negro with the Red race, _e.g._:--

"When the first twenty sl