ting above the right, of any of its members,
is called the RIGHT OF EMINENT DOMAIN. By it individual rights must
yield to the rights of society, of the government, or of a corporation.
A corporation is an association of individuals authorized by law to
transact business as a single natural person. Railway companies,
banks, chartered cities and villages, and the counties of some States
are corporations.
MORAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES.--Man is a moral being; that is, he is
conscious of good and evil. Therefore he has moral rights and duties.
He has rights of conscience, with which it is not the province of
government to interfere. He naturally worships a Being superior to
himself, and feels the obligation to deal justly with his fellow-men.
He has a right to do and say all things which are not unlawful or wrong
within themselves. It is his right to worship when he pleases, whom he
pleases, and as he pleases.
The moral rights and duties of the people are concerned in the
maintenance of religion, the support of churches, in reverence for
things sacred, in acts of charity and benevolence, in living an upright
life, and in teaching lessons of morality, honesty, industry, and
usefulness. Whatever is implied in the word _ought_, correctly used,
is a moral duty.
POLITICAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES.--By the social compact, men also agree to
abandon a part of their natural rights in order to participate in the
government. They agree in part to be governed by others, in order that
in part they may govern others. The rights of participation in the
government, such as voting and holding office, are called political
rights, because they affect the public policy of society.
Political rights do not belong to men by nature, but are conferred by
government. Within reasonable bounds, they may be enlarged or
restricted without injustice. Since they are conferred by the
government, the power to vote and to hold office is a privilege to be
enjoyed rather than a right to be asserted.
In the United States the political rights of the people are carefully
set forth in the Constitution. The smallest functions of government,
such as the size and color of a postage stamp, or the employment of a
page in the State legislature, touch the political rights of the
citizen. Appointment and elections to public office, the enactment of
laws, and the performance of public duties are questions of political
concern.
Good laws, good administrations,
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