-----------|
| TENSILE STRENGTH AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE |
| GRAIN OF SMALL CLEAR PIECES OF 25 WOODS IN |
| GREEN CONDITION |
| (Forest Service Cir. 213) |
|--------------------------------------------|
| | When | When |
| COMMON NAME | surface of | surface of |
| OF SPECIES | failure is | failure is |
| | radial | tangential |
|------------------+------------+------------|
| | Lbs. per | Lbs. per |
| | sq. inch | sq. inch |
| | | |
| Hardwoods | | |
| | | |
| Ash, white | 645 | 671 |
| Basswood | 226 | 303 |
| Beech | 633 | 969 |
| Birch, yellow | 446 | 526 |
| Elm, slippery | 765 | 832 |
| Hackberry | 661 | 786 |
| Locust, honey | 1,133 | 1,445 |
| Maple, sugar | 610 | 864 |
| Oak, post | 714 | 924 |
| red | 639 | 874 |
| swamp white | 757 | 909 |
| white | 622 | 749 |
| yellow | 728 | 929 |
| Sycamore | 540 | 781 |
| Tupelo | 472 | 796 |
| | | |
| Conifers | | |
| | | |
| Arborvitae | 241 | 235 |
| Cypress, bald | 242 | 251 |
| Fir, white | 213 | 304 |
| Hemlock | 271 | 323 |
| Pine, longleaf | 240 | 298 |
| red | 179 | 205 |
| sugar | 239 | 304 |
| western yellow | 230 | 252 |
| white | 225 | 285 |
| Tamarack | 236 | 274 |
|--------------------------------------------|

COMPRESSIVE OR CRUSHING STRENGTH

~Compression across the grain~ is very closely related to
hardness and transverse shear. There are two ways in which wood
is subjected to stress of this kind, namely, (1) with the load
acting over the entire area of the specimen, and (2) with a load
concentrated over a portion of the area. (See Fig. 2.) The
latter is the c