and Light. The phrase, "sweetness and light," is
one which Aesop uses in Swift's Battle of the Books to sum up the
superiority of the ancients over the moderns. "As for us, the ancients,
we are content, with the bee, to pretend to nothing of our own beyond
our wings and our voice, that is to say, our flights and our language;
for the rest, whatever we have got has been by infinite labor and
search, and ranging through every corner of nature; the difference is,
that instead of dirt and poison we have rather chose to fill our hives
with honey and wax, thus furnishing mankind with the two noblest things,
which are sweetness and light." Arnold's purpose in the essay is
to define the cultured man as one who endeavors to make beauty and
intelligence prevail everywhere.]

[Footnote 118: Abbe Trembley (1700-1784): a Swiss naturalist. He wrote
"Memoires pour servir a l'histoire d'un genre de polypes d'eau douce, a
bras en forme de cornes."]

[Footnote 119: Bernard de Jussieu (1699-1776): a French botanist;
founder of the natural classification of plants. He was superintendent
of the Trianon Gardens.]

[Footnote 120: Guettard (1715-1786): a French naturalist.]

[Footnote 121: Monte Nuovo within the old crater of Somma: Monte Nuovo,
a mountain west of Naples; Somma, a mountain north of Vesuvius which
with its lofty, semicircular cliff encircles the active cone of
Vesuvius.]

[Footnote 122: Mauritius: an island in the Indian Ocean; Huxley visited
the island when on the voyage with the Rattlesnake. He wrote to his
mother of his visit: "This island is, you know, the scene of Saint
Pierre's beautiful story of Paul and Virginia, over which I suppose most
people have sentimentalized at one time or another of their lives.
Until we reached here I did not know that the tale was like the lady's
improver--a fiction founded on fact, and that Paul and Virginia were at
one time flesh and blood, and that their veritable dust was buried at
Pamplemousses in a spot considered as one of the lions of the place, and
visited as classic ground."]

[Footnote 123: Mr. Darwin's coral reefs: The Structure and Distribution
of Coral Reefs, published in 1848.]

[Footnote 124: Professor Jukes (1811-1869): an English geologist.]

[Footnote 125: Mr. Dana (1813-1895): a well-known American geologist and
mineralogist; a professor at Yale from 1845. He wrote a number of books
among which is Coral and Coral Reefs.]

[Footnote 126: Jurassic period: that pa