gated, but they
probably need as much as their mothers.

These data will give with close scientific precision the _minimal
requirement for energy_ which is necessary for the maintenance of the
bed-ridden.

Ordinary life, however, is not constituted after this fashion. "By the
sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat bread."

From the work of F. G. Benedict one may calculate the increase in the
basal metabolism, as follows:

Increase in
the basal
metabolism
Occupation in per cent.

Sitting 5
Standing, relaxed 10
Standing, hand on a staff 11
Standing, leaning on support 3
Standing, "attention" 14

If one wishes to determine from the basal metabolism table the heat
production of a person who is confined to his room, one should add to
the metabolism of the twenty-four hours the increase above the basal for
those hours of the day during which he is sitting in a chair or
standing.

Passing to a consideration of the subject of mechanical work done by a
man, one finds that it requires about 1.1 calories to transport a pound
of body weight three miles during an hour, and that increasing power
must be generated if the speed is increased above this rate of _maximal
economic velocity_.

These relations are shown below:

Extra calories
per hour required
to move 1 pound
Rate of movement of body

Walking 3 miles per hour 1.1
Walking 5.3 miles per hour 3.6
Running 5.3 miles per hour 3.1

If one wishes to determine the heat production of a man weighing 156
pounds and 5 feet, 7 inches in height, and who is walking or running,
the following calculations can be made:

Rate of travel per hour in miles 3[3] 5.3[3] 5.3[4]
Cals. Cals. Cals.

Metabolism for transporting 156 pounds 172 562 484
Basal metabolism 70 70 70
Add for standing 7 7 7
--- --- ---
249 639 561

[3] Walking.

[4] Running.

If the man's food cost 10 cents a thousand calories, it may be
calculated t